Hoar Allen. The Submarine Torpedo Boat, its characteristics and modern development

New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1916. — 266 p.The Howell Torpedo was named for its inventor, U.S. Navy LCDR John A. Howell. (He later became a Rear Admiral.) This torpedo was the only U.S. torpedo of its era (circa 1880) to attain enough success to be produced in quantity. The power for the Howell was received from a flywheel prespun before launch. In 1889, the U.S. Navy ordered 50 Howell Torpedoes from the Hotchkiss Ordnance Co., Providence, R.I., who had purchased the rights to the torpedo from Howell. This torpedo was used as an antisurface ship, battleship- and torpedo boat-launched weapon until 1898 when it was supplanted by the Whitehead Torpedo.