Lewin M. The Soviet Century

London: Verso, 2005. — 426 p. — ISBN: 1-84467-016-3The USSR may no longer exist, but its history remains highly relevant — perhaps today more so than ever. Yet it is a history which for a long time proved impossible to write, not simply due to the lack of accessible documentation, but also because it lay at the heart of an ideological confrontation which obscured the reality of the Soviet regime. In The Soviet Century, Moshe Lewin traces this history in all its complexity, drawing widely upon archive material previously unavailable. Highlighting key factors such as demography, economics, culture and political repression, Lewin guides us through the inner workings of a system which is still barely understood. In the process he overturns widely held beliefs about the USSR’s leaders, the State-Party system and the Soviet bureaucracy, the “tentacled octopus” which held the real power. Departing from a simple linear history, The Soviet Century takes in all the continuities and ruptures that led, via a complex route, from the founding revolution of October 1917 to the final collapse of the late 1980s and early 1990s, passing through the Stalinist dictatorship and the impossible reforms of the Khrushchev years.A regime and its psycheStalin knows where he wants to get to - and is getting there
'Autonomization versus federation' (1922-3)
'Cadres into heretics'
The party and its apparaty
Social flux and 'systemic paranoia'
The impact of collectivization
Between legality and bacchanalia
How did Stalin rule?
The purges and their 'rationale'
The scale of the purges
The camps and the industrial empire of the NKVD
Endgame
An agrarian despotism?The 1960s: from a new model to a new impasseE pur, si muove!
The KGB and the political opposition
The avalanche of urbanization
The 'administrators': bruised but thriving
Some leaders
Kosygin and AndropovThe Soviet century: Russia in historical contextLenin's time and worlds
Backwardness and relapse
Modernity with a twist
Urbanization: successes and failures
Labour force and demography: a conundrum
The bureaucratic maze
'Telling the light from the shade'?
What was the Soviet system?