Bado S. and others. Protocols for Pre-Field Screening of Mutants for Salt Tolerance in Rice, Wheat and Barley

Authors: Souleymane Bado, Brian P. Forster, Abdelbagi M.A. Ghanim, Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak, Günter Berthold, Liu Luxiang. Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland, 2016. - 44 p.
ISBN: 978-3-319-26588-9The Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture has supported Member States in the use of nuclear techniques in plant breeding and genetics for over 50 years. This has been achieved through research and training especially in developing methods for mutation induction and mutation detection. Mutation induction in plants aims to generate novel genetic diversity for plant breeders targeting yield, quality, resistance to pests and diseases, and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. Induced mutation in plants began in the 1920s and the first mutant cultivar was “Vorstenland” tobacco released in Indonesia in 1934. Plant mutation breeding has been very successful, and today, there are over 3220 officially released mutant cultivars in over 210 crop species worldwide. World food security continues to be threatened notably by climate change, lack of agricultural land, and a growing human population. Thus, there is continual pressure on plant breeders to develop higher yielding crop cultivars. Plant mutation breeding can help meet these demands. One issue, however, is the ability to select mutants carrying desired traits as this requires the development of screening protocols. This booklet provides a simple protocol to screen for mutants in cereal crops tolerant to salinity.
The booklet provides simple and quick methods for soil sampling and analysis for water-soluble salt content, both of which are critical for the downstream screening. With these easy-to-follow protocols, users can conduct analyses in a quick and effective manner.Biology of Salt Tolerance
Screening Methods
Breeding for Salt Tolerance
Traditional Breeding
Induced Mutation in Breeding for Salt Tolerance
Need for Reliable Screening Techniques for Pre-field SelectionObjectives
Monitoring Field Salinity
Screening for Salt Tolerance
Benefits and Drawbacks of Seedling ScreeningProtocol for Measuring Soil SalinityInstruments and Reagents
Preparation of 5:1 Water/Soil Extract
Preparation of 1:1 Water/Soil Extract
Important Considerations
Measurements
Weight Method
Conductivity Method
Protocol for Screening for Salt Tolerance in RiceEquipment
Plant Materials
Setting Up Hydroponic Hardware
Preparation of Hydroponic Solutions
Seed Storage and Seed Pregermination Treatments
Seedling Establishment in Hydroponics
Care of Plants in Hydroponics
Salt Treatment
Scoring
Recovery of Salt-Tolerant Lines
ExamplesProtocol for Screening for Salt Tolerance in Barley and WheatAdaptations of Rice Protocol to Wheat and Barley
Germination
Hydroponic Solution
Aeration
Glasshouse Conditions
Test Salt Concentrations