Malmsten M. Surfactants and Polymers in Drug Delivery

New York, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2002. — 335 p. — ISBN: 0-8247-0804-0.Surfactant and polymer systems play an important role in modern drug delivery, where they may allow control of the drug release rate, enhance effective drug solubility, minimize drug degradation, contribute to reduced drug toxicity, and facilitate control of drug uptake. In all, they contribute significantly to therapeutic efficiency. However, although understanding of the physicochemical properties and behavior of surfactants and polymers in solution and at interfaces has undergone dramatic development in the past couple of decades, the new findings have generally not been fully implemented in drug delivery, most likely as a result of lack of interdisciplinary communication. Things are gradually changing, however, and scientists and engineers in both academia and industry are paying increasing attention to physicochemical aspects of surfactant and polymer systems and recognizing their importance for the design and controlled use of advanced drug delivery formulations. This is fueled by the development of new biopharmaceuticals in the wake of recent advances in genomics and proteomics. In parallel, a push for advanced drug delivery formulations based on surfactants and polymers has originated from the development of many new synthetic drugs that are sparingly soluble and noncrystallizing compounds, which often are difficult to formulate by traditional means. Here, surfactant and polymer systems of various types offer real potential.
The present book represents an attempt to discuss the basics of surfactant and polymer surface activity and self-assembly, the various types of structures formed by such compounds, and how they may be used in drug delivery. For this purpose, individual chapters are devoted to micelles, liquid crystalline phases, liposomes, microemulsions, emulsions, gels, and solid particles. Because biodegradation of surfactant and polymer systems has a particularly important effect on their use in drug delivery, a separate chapter is devoted to this topic. Finally, further processing of such formulations, for example, through spray-drying and freeze-drying, is discussed.Introduction to Surfactants
Introduction to Polymers
Surface Activity of Drugs
Introduction to Drug DeliveryMicelles
Structure and Dynamics of Micellar Systems
Block Copolymer Micelles
Characterization of Micellar Systems
Micellar Systems in Drug DeliveryLiquid Crystalline Phases
Association Structures and Packing
Phase Diagrams
Association in Nonionic Surfactant Systems
Association in Ionic Surfactant Systems
Cubic Phases
Liquid Crystalline Phases Formed by PEO-PPO-PEO
Block Copolymers
Characterization of Liquid Crystalline Phases
Liquid Crystalline Phases as Drug Delivery Systems
Liquid Crystalline Phases in Drug Delivery ApplicationsLiposomes
Preparation and Properties of Liposome Systems
Solubilization and Release from Liposomes
Methods for Investigating Liposome Systems
Liposomes in Drug Delivery
Other Types of Dispersed Liquid Crystalline PhasesMicroemulsions
Basics of Microemulsions
Characterization of Microemulsions
Drug Release from Microemulsions
Microemulsions in Drug DeliveryEmulsions
Formation of Emulsions
Structure of Emulsions
Phase Inversion of Emulsions
Rheology of Emulsions
Destabilization of Emulsions
Multiple Emulsions
Emulsions in Drug Delivery
Emulsions as Precursors for SLNAerosols, Bubbles, and Foams
Aerosols
Bubbles and Foams
Pharmaceutical Applications of Aerosols
Pharmaceutical Applications of Bubbles and FoamsPolymer Solutions and Gels
Polymer Solutions
Polymer-Surfactant Interactions
Polymer Gels
Characterization of Polymer Solutions and Gels
Responsive Polymer Systems
Polymer Solutions and Gels in Drug DeliveryPolymer Particles
nteraction Between Particles
nteraction Between Particles and Surfaces
Methods for Studying Polymer Particle Systems
Polymer Particles in Drug Delivery
Bioadhesion
Oral VaccinesDegradation of Surfactants and Polymers in Drug Delivery
Biodegradation of Polymers
Biodegradation of PhospholipidsDrying of Formulations Containing Surfactants and Polymers
Spray-Drying
Freeze-Drying
Drying of Self-Assembled Structures