Jager B., Keulen T., Kessels J. Optimal Control of Hybrid Vehicles

Springer-Verlag London, 2013. XVIII, 142 p. 80 illus., 34 illus. in color. — ISBN: 978-1-4471-5075-6, ISBN: 978-1-4471-5076-3 (eBook), DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-5076-3.Provides engineers in the automotive industry with practical applications of power train control for hybrid vehicles
For the academic researcher, the text describes a novel solution for state-constrained optimal control problems
Includes experimental results that justify the theoretical ideas presented
An exposition of the state of the art in power-train control for hybrid vehicles not available elsewhere
Optimal Control of Hybrid Vehicles provides a description of power train control for hybrid vehicles. The background, environmental motivation and control challenges associated with hybrid vehicles are introduced. The text includes mathematical models for all relevant components in the hybrid power train. The power split problem in hybrid power trains is formally described and several numerical solutions detailed, including dynamic programming and a novel solution for state-constrained optimal control problems based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle.Real-time-implementable strategies that can approximate the optimal solution closely are dealt with in depth. Several approaches are discussed and compared, including a state-of-the-art strategy which is adaptive for vehicle conditions like velocity and mass.
Two case studies are included in the book:
a control strategy for a micro-hybrid power train; and
experimental results obtained with a real-time strategy implemented in a hybrid electric truckOptimal Control of Hybrid Vehicles will appeal to academic researchers and graduate students interested in hybrid vehicle control or in the applications of energy management using optimal control. Practitioners working in the design of control systems for the automotive industry will also find the ideas propounded in this book of interest.
Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.Content Level » Research
Keywords » Energy Management - Hybrid Power Systems - Hybrid Vehicles - Optimal Control -Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle.
Related subjects » Control Engineering - Mechanical Engineering - Renewable and Green EnergyObjectivesandMotivation
Trends in Vehicle Fuel Economy
Road Map Towards Energy Sustainable Mobility
Hybrid Technology
Control Challenges for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Bibliographical NotesCyber-physical Modeling of Hybrid VehiclesHybridVehicleDefinitions
Models of Hybrid Powertrain Components
CombustionEngine
Electric Machine
StorageDevice
DriveCycles
Bibliographical NotesProblem DefinitionFormalProblemStatement
Performance Criterion
Vehicle Description
Series Hybrid Topology
Parallel Hybrid Topology
ehicleStateEquation
StateConstraints
Input Constraints
Mixed State and Input Constraints
Problem Definition SummaryAnalytical Solution MethodsMethod of Lagrange Multipliers
Introduction to Method of Lagrange Multipliers
EMS Solution Using Method of Lagrange Multipliers
Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
Introduction to the Hamiltonian Function
Introduction to Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
EMS Solution Using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
EMS Solution with Model Equations Taken from Chap. 2
EMS Solution Incorporating State Constraints
SummaryAnalyticalSolutions
Bibliographical NotesNumerical Solutions for Known TrajectoriesIntroduction on Numerical Solutions
PowerandVelocityTrajectories
ndirect Solution Based on a Boundary Value Problem Description
ControlConstrainedSolution
State Inequality Constrained Solution
Direct Solution Based on the Dynamic Programming Algorithm
Discretization of the Time, and Quantization of the State andControlVariable
The Dynamic Programming Algorithm
EstimationoftheCostateVariable
ComparisonoftheIndirectandDirectMethod
Accuracy
Computational Effort
Case Study: Component Sizing for Hybrid Vehicles
ntroduction to the Case
Component Sizing Results
Bibliographical NotesReal-Time Implementable StrategiesIntroduction to Real-Time Implementable Strategies
Rule-Based Approaches
Optimal Control-Based Approaches
On-line Optimization of the Hamiltonian Function
On-lineEstimationoftheCostateVariable
ExampleofanOptimalControl-BasedStrategy
Bibliographical NotesExperimental Case StudiesMicro Hybrid Energy Management
Optimal Power Control in Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Drivetrain Model
Problem Definition
Quadratic Programming
OnlineStrategy
Experimental Validation
StrategyResults
Evaluation&DiscussionOptimalControlofaHybridElectricTruck
Experimental Set-up
ImplementedControls
TuningoftheCostateVariableEstimation
StrategyComparison