Tucker P.G. Unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics in Aeronautics

Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2014, XXV, 413 p. 208 illus., 94 illus. in color. — ISBN: 978-94-007-7048-5, ISBN: 978-94-007-7049-2 (eBook), DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7049-2 – (Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, Vol. 104).Supplementary reading for CFD Course
Includes a wide range of practical examples
Clear overview of modeling hierarchies
Informed Industrial perspective
The field of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and hybrids is a vibrant research area. This book runs through all the potential unsteady modeling fidelity ranges, from low-order to LES. The latter is probably the highest fidelity for practical aerospace systems modeling. Cutting edge new frontiers are defined.One example of a pressing environmental concern is noise. For the accurate prediction of this, unsteady modeling is needed. Hence computational aeroacoustics is explored. It is also emerging that there is a critical need for coupled simulations. Hence, this area is also considered and the tensions of utilizing such simulations with the already expensive LES.
This work has relevance to the general field of CFD and LES and to a wide variety of non-aerospace aerodynamic systems (e.g. cars, submarines, ships, electronics, buildings). Topics treated include unsteady flow techniques; LES and hybrids; general numerical methods; computational aeroacoustics; computational aeroelasticity; coupled simulations and turbulence and its modeling (LES, RANS, transition, VLES, URANS). The volume concludes by pointing forward to future horizons and in particular the industrial use of LES. The writing style is accessible and useful to both academics and industrial practitioners.From the reviews:
"Tucker's volume provides a very welcome, concise discussion of current capabilities for simulating and modellng unsteady aerodynamic flows. It covers the various possible numerical techniques in good, clear detail and presents a very wide range of practical applications; beautifully illustrated in many cases. This book thus provides a valuable text for practicing engineers, a rich source of background information for students and those new to this area of Research & Development, and an excellent state-of-the-art review for others. A great achievement."
Mark Savill FHEA, FRAeS, C.Eng, Professor of Computational Aerodynamics Design & Head of Power & Propulsion Sciences, Department of Power & Propulsion, School of Engineering, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, U.K."This is a very useful book with a wide coverage of many aspects in unsteady aerodynamics method development and applications for internal and external flows."
L. He, Rolls-Royce/RAEng Chair of Computational Aerothermal Engineering, Oxford University, U.K."This comprehensive book ranges from classical concepts in both numerical methods and turbulence modeling approaches for the beginner to latest state-of-the-art for the advanced practionner and constitutes an extremely valuable contribution to the specific Computational Fluid Dynamics literature in Aeronautics. Student and expert alike will benefit greatly by reading it from cover to cover."
Sébastien Deck, Onera, Meudon, France
Content Level » Research
Keywords » Aerospace - CFD - Computational Fluid Dynamics - FMIA - Large Eddy Simulation -Numerical Modeling - Turbomachinery
Related subjects » Computational Science & Engineering - Mechanical Engineering - MechanicsAerospace Challenges
Large Scale Simulations
Computational Cost
Turbulence
Cost
Unsteady Flow Sources
Turbomachinery
Unsteady Flow and Airframes
Predictive Accuracy of RANSComputational Methods for Unsteady FlowsOverviewofTemporalDiscretizations
TemporalProfileAssumptionsforVariables
Dependent Variable Changes with Time
SpatialVariationoftheTimeDerivative
Two-Level Schemes
General Explicit Schemes
Higher-Level Schemes
Gear Schemes
Other Temporal Discretization Methods
Elementary Solution Adapted Time-Step Approaches
RelatingErrorEstimatetoNewTime-Steps
Alternative Techniques
Unsteady Adjoint and Time Step Adaptation
Adjoint Methods for Unsteady Flow Design Optimization
Temporal Adaptation Using Space-Time Elements/Volumes
Convective Schemes for Unsteady Flow
Classical High-Order Approaches
Compact Schemes
Discontinuous Galerkin Scheme
Spectral Difference, Volume and CPR Methods
ENO/WENO
High Resolution Spatial Schemes
DRP Schemes
CABARET
Convective Schemes for Density Based Solvers and Related Aspects
The MUSCL Scheme
Monotonicity
Preconditioning
Spatial Order and Solution Accuracy
GridStretching
HighOrderUpwinding
AliasingandNumericalOrder
SmoothingControl
Shocks and LES
Mesh Related Techniques
Body Fitted Grids
OversetGrids
The Substantial Derivative
Simultaneous Equation Solution
EvaluationofthePressureField
Pressure Subcycling
Pressure-VelocityCoupling
CompressibleFlowSolversandPressureRecovery
Boundary Conditions
Impact of Grid Topology on Solution Accuracy
Frequency of Use of Different Numerical ApproachesTurbulence and Its ModelingAveraging Procedures
TimeBasedAveraging
Spatial Averaging/Filtering
Discrete Spatial Filters
Governing Averaged Equations
(U)RANSEquations
LESEquations
LES/URANS Modeling
(I)LESandDNS
Functional Models
Structural Models
LES Model Defects
Mixed-(Nonlinear) Models
MILES Approach and Numerical Influences in LES
LESofCompressibleFlows
DirectNumericalSimulation
Near Wall (I)LES Modeling and Grid Requirements
LESHierarchy
Hybrid RANS-LES and Related Methods
DES Methods
MenterSSTBasedDES
DES Performance for Separated Flow
Explicitly Zonalised Methods
HybridRANS-ILESMethod
Two-Layer Model
Grid Embedding
LNS and Related Methods
NLDE
Hybrid RANS-LES Deficiencies
Filter Choices
Generation of Resolved Turbulent Inflow
Separate Inflow Simulations
Synthetic Turbulence
Advantages and Disadvantages
Industrial InflowComputational Aerodynamics MethodsPerturbation Equation Based Methods
Linear Harmonic Methods
Non-linear Harmonic Methods
Advantages and Applications of Fourier Based Methods
Some Performance Issues
NLDE
URANS/VLES
Spectral Gaps
StallandIntakeDistortion
RapidEddyDistortion
Shock Buffet
URANSApplicationsandOutlook
MakingBladeRowCalculations
Phase Lagged Boundary Conditions
Example of High Fidelity Blade Row Calculations
Body Force and Mixed Fidelity Modeling
Modeling Wakes
Gong Body Force Model Examples
DeterministicStresses
Mean Source Terms (MST)
Deterministic Stress Modeling (DSM)
Blade Row Specific Approaches
Generic ApproachesApplications of Eddy Resolving MethodsPropulsive Systems
TurbineBladeSimulations
CompressorandFanSimulations
RotatingCylindricalCavityRelatedSystems
TurbineBladeInternalCooling
LESofJetFlows
CombustorLES
EngineIntakes
Review of LES and Hybrids for Airframes
AerofoilFlows
Trailing Edge Flows
Multi-component Aerofoils
SweptandDeltaWings
Full Aircraft Configurations
BaseFlows
Landing Gear
CavityFlows
Miscellaneous Flows and Zones
General Discussion
SummaryofValidationDataSetsandLevels
Conclusions and Closing RemarksComputational AeroacousticsNoise Prediction Hierarchy and Methods
Disturbance Equation Based Approaches
Nonlinear Disturbance Equation
Other NLDE Decompositions
Linearized Navier-Stokes Equations
Linearized Euler Equations (LEE)
Solution of Linearized Equations
WaveEquationandSimplifications
WaveEquation
HelmholtzEquation
Eikonal Equation
Eikonal Equation Applications Contrasting with Euler EquationSolutions
Integral Equation Based Approaches
TheLighthillEquation
Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings Equation
Kirchhoff Approach
Advantages and Disadvantages
Hybridization of Wave Propagation Approaches
Source Descriptions
Input of Data for Disturbance Equation Methods
Turbulence Source Descriptions
Models for Turbulence Correlations
Noise Sources in Hot Turbulent Fluids
(U)RANSPredictions
RANS Based Procedures
URANS Tonal Noise Predictions
LESInformedRANS
DNS, LES and Hybrid Acoustic Related Computations
CompressorandFanNoise
Trailing Edge Noise
General Airframe Studies
JetNoise
Combustion Noise
Validation Data
TheNeedforHolisticSimulationsCoupled Computational AerodynamicsMovingMeshes
Mesh Adaptation Approaches
MeshMovementAlgorithms
Hybrid Mesh Movement Approach
Space Conservation Laws
Wall Distance Computation
Examples of Moving Mesh Related Calculations
Pitching Aerofoils
Double-Delta Wing
Overset Grid Computational Interfaces
Magnetic Bearings
Coupled Simulations
Aeroelasticity
Conjugate Modeling
Coupled Aerodynamic Simulations
Examples of Eddy Resolving Coupled Simulations
ConjugateLargeEddySimulations
Moving SurfacesFuture OutlookConcluding Remarks
FutureUseofEddyResolvingSimulations
BestPractices
Flow Taxonomies
Expert Systems and Industrial Simulation Process
The Use of LES in Coupled ProblemsAppendix A Numerical Scheme Performance StudiesBoundary and Initial Conditions
T-SWave
Cut-On Acoustic Wave Inlet Boundary Condition
Vortical Wave Inlet Boundary Condition
Solid Wall Boundary Conditions
General Solution Details
MeshandTimeStep
SolutionErrorEstimation
DiscussionResults
Temporal Scheme Performance Studies
Influence of Spatial Scheme’s Order
Mach Number Influences with Classical Compressible FlowSolver
Grids with More Complex Topologies
OversetGrids
UnstructuredGridsAppendix B RANS Models
The Full Reynolds Stress Equations
Compressive/ExtensiveStrainProblem
CurvatureProblem
BodyForceProblem
Flow Acceleration Problem
Turbulence Models
Reynolds Stress Model
Non-linear Eddy Viscosity Models
Basic RANS Models
Zero Equation Models
One Equation Turbulence Models
Two Equation Turbulence Models
Transition Modeling